Author/Authors :
Sharifi ، Iraj نويسنده Leishmaniasis Research Centre, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran , , Aflatoonian، Mohammad Reza نويسنده , , DAEI PARIZI، Mohammad Hossein نويسنده Afzalipour Hospital, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran DAEI PARIZI, Mohammad Hossein , Hosseininasab، Ali نويسنده Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Hosseininasab, Ali , Mostafavi، Mahshid نويسنده Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Mostafavi, Mahshid , Bamorovat، Mehdi نويسنده Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Bamorovat, Mehdi , AGHAEI AFSHAR، Abass نويسنده Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AGHAEI AFSHAR, Abass , MOHEBALI، Mehdi نويسنده Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran MOHEBALI, Mehdi , KESHAVARZ، Hossein نويسنده Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran KESHAVARZ, Hossein , DANESHVAR، Hamid نويسنده Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran DANESHVAR, Hamid , Babaei Bazkiyaei، Zahra نويسنده , , MAHMOUDVAND، Hossein نويسنده Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran MAHMOUDVAND, Hossein , MOHAMMADI، Mohammad Ali نويسنده Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran MOHAMMADI, Mohammad Ali , SHARIFI، Fatemeh نويسنده Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran SHARIFI, Fatemeh , BARATI، Mohammad نويسنده Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Center for Research of Infectious Diseases, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran BARATI, Mohammad , KAMIABI، Hossein نويسنده Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran KAMIABI, Hossein , KHALEGHI، Tabandeh نويسنده Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran KHALEGHI, Tabandeh
Abstract :
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has strong links with poverty, substantial medical and veterinary impacts. This review aimed to focus in studies published during 1994-2016 on VL in southeastern Iran.
Methods: The present review is based on expert knowledge and historical studies published during the past 23 yr (1994-2016) on VL in southeastern Iran. In addition, related literature found in PubMed by using the keywords such as visceral leishmaniasis, kala-azar, and Leishmania infantum are included.
Results: Overall, 118 children aged 4.2 yr were detected as infected with human VL (HVL). The majority of the cases were from Orzoieh district (37.1%) in southwest of Kerman Province, followed by Sirjan (15.7%), Jiroft (14.8%), Kahnuj (9.3%) and to lesser extent from other areas. The male to female ratio was 1.7. The three most frequent clinical features were represented by fever (100.0%), anemia (95.0%) and splenomegaly (91.5%). Altogether, 42.0% of the VL cases developed secondary bacterial infections, the overall case-fatality rate was 3.4%, and majorities (88.0%) of the VL patients were undernourished. Overall, 733 dogs and wild canines were examined by different techniques with various seroprevalence ranges.
Conclusion: In southeastern Iran, VL is endemic in Orzoieh district in Kerman Province. While the dogs are implicated as the main domestic reservoir of VL, wide range of wild canines can serve as a secondary potential reservoir host.
