Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha -308 G/A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Risk of Sperm Abnormalities in Iranian Males

Background: Signaling molecules such as cytokines regulate spermatogenesis during the maturation of germ cells and sperm apoptosis. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF?) is one of the most-documented cytokines that is involved in spermatogenesis. We investigated the association of the TNF? -308 G/A single nucleotide polymorphism with sperm abnormalities in Iranian males. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 180 infertile men who referred to Yazd Research and Clinical Center for Infertility and 100 healthy normospermic controls. Infertile men were classified into four groups of azoospermia (n=91), oligospermia (n=26), teratospermia (n=30) and asthenoteratospermia (n=33). After sperm analysis, DNA was extracted from blood and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was carried out for the genotyping of TNF?- 308 G/A. Results: The A allele was significantly associated with sperm abnormality in our population [(P < 0.001, odds ratios (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.31]. In addition, the A allele was also associated with azoospermia (P < 0.001, OR (95% CI)=2.484), oligospermia (P=0.005, OR (95% CI)=2.51) and teratospemia (P < 0.001, OR (95% CI)=3.385) but not with asthenoteratospermia (P=0.623). Conclusion: Our data suggest that this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) maybe associated with the risk of sperm abnormality in infertile men of Iranian origin.