Human plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein and heat shock protein 27 concentrations in acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with different duration

Latar belakang: Astrosit adalah sel glia yang paling berperan dalam plastisitas sinaps. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) dan heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) plasma merupakan parameter reaktivitas astrosit yang diinduksi oleh latihan fisik. Durasi olahraga yang dianjurkan oleh American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) adalah 30 menit atau 10 menit setiap sesi latihan (total akumulasi 30 menit). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kadar GFAP dan HSP27 plasma orang dewasa muda pada dua durasi latihan fisik aerobik akut intensitas sedang (10 menit vs 30 menit). Metode: Penelitian dengan desain sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pada 22 subyek yang dibagi secara acak menjadi kelompok olahraga sepeda statis sesi tunggal durasi 10 menit atau 30 menit. Sebelum dan sesudah uji sepeda statis dilakukan pengambilan darah. Kadar GFAP dan HSP2 plasma diukur dengan metode ELISA. Uji t-berpasangan digunakan untuk membandingkan kadar GFAP dan HSP27 plasma sebelum dan sesudah latihan, dan uji t-tidak berpasangan untuk perbandingan antara kedua kelompok sesudah latihan. Hasil: Kadar GFAP plasma menurun (0,45 ng/mL) bermakna pada kelompok latihan 30 menit (p<0,05). Kadar HSP27 plasma menurun (1,71 ng/mL) bermakna pada kelompok latihan 10 menit (p<0,05). Kadar GFAP dan HSP27 antara kelompok latihan 10 menit (GFAP=0,49 ng/mL; HSP27=2,09 ng/mL) tidak berbeda bermakna disbanding kelompok latihan 30 menit (GFAP=0,45 ng/mL; HSP27=1,71 ng/mL). Kesimpulan: Latihan fisik aerobik akut intensitas sedang durasi 10 dan 30 menit mengurangi reaktivitas astrosi yang berarti dapat meningkatkan plastisitas sinaps. Penurunan kadar GFAP plasma terjadi sesudah latihan fisik durasi 30 menit dan penurunan kadar HSP27 plasma terjadi sesudah latihan fisik durasi 10 menit. Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa tubuh merespons berbeda terhadap durasi perlakuan yang berbeda untuk menghasilkan efek yang sama bagi tubuh. Background: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and heat shock protein -27 (HSP27) plasma can be used as the parameters of exercise-induced astrocyte reactivity. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends an exercise of 30 minutes or 10 minutes duration (each performing bout accumulated toward 30 minutes). The aim of this study was to compare GFAP and HSP27 plasma concentrations in young adults undergoing acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise of different durations (10 minutes vs 30 minutes). Methods: An experimental study with pre-post design was conducted on 22 participants assigned to either 10 minutes or 30 minutes duration of single bout exercise. Blood sampling was performed before and after the exercise. GFAP and HSP27 plasma levels were measured with ELISA methods. Plasma GFAP and HSP27 levels before and after exercise were analyzed using paired t-test, while GFAP and HSP27 levels after exercise between the two groups were processed using unpaired t-test. Results: Plasma GFAP concentration decreased significantly (0,45 ng/mL) after 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (p<0.05). Plasma HSP27 concentration decreased significantly (1,71 ng/mL) after 10 minutes of aerobic exercise (p<0.05). No significant difference in plasma GFAP and HSP27 concentrations between 10 minutes (GFAP=0.49 ng/mL; HSP27= 2.09 ng/mL) and 30 minutes duration of exercise (GFAP=0.45 ng/mL; HSP27=1,71 ng/mL). Conclusion: Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with 10- and 30-minutes duration reduces the reactivity of astrocytes indication the increase of the synapse plasticity. The decrease in GFAP concentration occurred after 30 minutes of exercise and the decrease in HSP27 occurred after 10 minutes of exercise. These results showed that the body responds differently to different treatment duration in order to obtain the same effect on the body.