Frequency of Human Papilloma Virus Genotypes in Patient Samples From Isfahan (Iran) Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Reverse Dot Blot Method

Background Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted viral infection worldwide. On the basis of HPV clinical associations, this disease is divided to 2 types; high risk and low risk. high risk HPV (HR HPV) is the causative agent of cervical intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. low risk HPV (LR HPV) is the causative agent of diseases, such as anogenital warts and oral papillomas. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the molecular diagnostic methods for detection of HPV DNA that has many advantages. Objectives This study aimed at exploring the frequency of HPV genotypes using polymerase chain reaction reverse dot blot (PCR RDB) method on cervix and wart samples obtained from patients in Isfahan, Iran. Methods The population included 111 females and 7 males. These samples were collected during 2011 and 2013. DNA was extracted from these samples and PCR was performed using reverse dot blot (RDB) method to detect HPV types. Results With this molecular diagnostic method, different HPV types were detected in 45 samples out of 118. In 18 samples, co-infection with different HPV types was detected. Data analysis exhibited a significant correlation between age and HR HPV infection (P value < 0.05). However, no significant relationship was detected between LR HPV and age (P value > 0.05). In this study, among all HPV types, HPV 16 was detected more frequently than the other HPV types. Conclusions The PCR-RDB method has the ability to diagnose HPV infection by screening Pap smear samples and to determine the risk factor of detected HPV genotypes. This study showed that HPV16 was 1 of the most common agents in Iran, similar to other countries.