Efficacy of Simultaneous Usage of Bevacizumab and Silicone Oil Injection After Vitrectomy in Diabetic Tractional Retinal Detachment

Background Tractional retinal detachment (TRD), a major vision threatening complication, is one of the most common eye emergencies. The most common cause of TRD is proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of simultaneous usage of bevacizumab and silicone oil injection after vitrectomy for the treatment of diabetic tractional retinal detachment Methods Twenty five patients (25 eyes) with severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy were recruited into the study. All eyes underwent a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1.25 mg in 0.05 mL along with silicone oil injection after vitrectomy for the management of tractional retinal detachment or vitreous hemorrhage due to severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Patients were then scheduled for postoperative clinical examinations at one, three and six months. The main outcome measures were regression of neovascularization, intraocular pressure, visual acuity and retinal reattachment. Results This study evaluated 25 eyes of 25 patients (12 men, 13 women) with a mean age of 55.68 ± 6.94 years (range 21 to 49 years). In all eyes visual acuity improved and retinal attachment was accomplished. The mean preoperative visual acuity was 2.01 ± 0.03 Log MAR which significantly improved to 1.10 ± 0.50 Log MAR in 6^th month after surgery (P < 0.000). Active neovascularization regressed significantly (P < 0.004) and intraocular pressure was controlled in 88% of patients. Conclusions The findings of our study may suggest that simultaneous injection of Bevacizumab and silicone oil after vitrectomy improve early results. We have found it to be particularly useful in diabetic eyes with tractional detachments of short duration.