First Caesarean Section and Subsequent Infertility

[Background]Caesarean section (CS) is one of the most commonly undertaken operations worldwide with numerous potential complications such as subsequent infertility. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate subsequent infertility after CS.[Methods]This retrospective epidemiological study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology of Ahvaz Imam Hospital from 2011 to 2015. During the five years, 2047 patient records were collected representing that only 218 patients had secondary infertility after CS or vaginal delivery (including 114 (52.29%) after CS and 104 (47.7%) after vaginal delivery). Then, information of all patients was extracted from infertility clinic records.[Results]The results showed that there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic features and sign and symptoms such as dysmenorrhea (P = 0.386), dyspareunia (P = 0.357), hirsutism (P = 0.622), and galactorrhea (P = 0.352). Moreover, associated disorders including Men disorders (P = 0.577), Uterine disorders (P = 0.286), Fallopian tube disorders (P = 0.394), and Ovulation disorders (P = 0.21) did not have any significant differences between the groups.[Conclusions]The results of this study suggest that CS did not increase the risk of subsequent infertility when compared to vaginal delivery. Therefore, in patients who have infertility problems after the first CS, we should evaluate other reasons in order to treat it.