Comparing the effects of refl exology and relaxation on fatigue in women with multiple sclerosis

Background: Fatigue is the most common and highly disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) that has negative effects on employment, the process of socialization, compliance with the disease, and other factors effective on activities of daily living. The usage of complementary and alternative medicine methods in MS patients is higher than in the general population. However, there is no scientifi c evidence to support their effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of refl exology and relaxation on fatigue in women with MS. Materials and Methods: This study is a single-blinded randomized clinical trial that was done on 75 patients with MS who referred to the MS Clinic of Ayatollah Kashani Hospital (Isfahan, Iran). After simple non-random sampling, participants were randomly assigned by minimization method to three groups: Refl exology, relaxation, and control groups (25 patients in each group). In the experimental groups, the interventions foot refl exology and relaxation (Jacobson and Benson) were performed for 4 weeks, twice a week for 40 min in each session, and the control group received care and routine medical treatment as directed by a physician. Data were collected through a questionnaire and the fatigue severity scale before, immediately after, and 2 months after interventions from all three groups. Data analysis was performed by SPSS version 18 using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: Findings obtained from analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was no signifi cant difference in the mean fatigue severity scores in the pre-interventions between the three groups (P > 0.05), but there was signifi cant difference immediately after and 2 months after interventions between the three groups (P < 0.05). Findings obtained from repeated measures (ANOVA) showed that there was signifi cant difference in the mean fatigue severity scores during different times between the three groups (P < 0.05), while this difference was not signifi cant in the control group (P > 0.05). Furthermore, least signifi cant difference post-hoc test revealed that the mean scores of fatigue severity immediately after intervention was lower in the refl exology group than in the other two groups and were lower in the relaxation group than in the control group; 2 months after interventions, the mean scores of fatigue severity were lower in the refl exology group than in the other two groups, but there was no signifi cant difference between the two groups of relaxation and control (P > 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that both interventions were effective in reducing fatigue, but the effects of refl exology on reducing fatigue were more than those of relaxation. Hence, as these two methods are effective and affordable techniques, they can be recommended.