Author/Authors :
PAYAB, Moloud Sect. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center - Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , KELISHADI, Roya Dept. of Pediatrics - Child Growth and Development Research Center - Faculty of Medicine - Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran , Hasani RANJBAR, Shirin Sect. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center - Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , MOTLAGH, Mohammad Esmaeil Dept. of School Health - Bureau of Population - Family and School Health - Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran , ARDALAN, Gelayol Dept. of School Health - Bureau of Population - Family and School Health - Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran , ZAHEDI, Hoda Sect. Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center - Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , SANAEI, Maryam Chronic Diseases Research Center - Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , SHAFI-EE, Gita Chronic Diseases Research Center - Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , ASAYESH, Hamid Dept. of Medical Emergencies - Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Ira , LARIJANI, Bagher Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center - Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sci-ences, Tehran, Iran , QORBANI, Mostafa Dept. of Community Medicine - School of Medicine - Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran , HESHMAT, Ramin Chronic Diseases Research Center - Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract :
Background: This study was aimed to investigate the association of consuming white rice and potato, as well as the bread type with anthropometric measures and blood pressure (BP) in a national sample of Iranian children and adoles-cents.
Methods: This nationwide study was conducted in 2011-2012 among 14,880 students, aged 6-18 years, selected by multistage cluster sampling from 30 provinces of Iran. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist -to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to- height ratio (WHtR), as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were measured. The self-reported frequency consumption of white rice and potato (daily or non-daily), as well as consumed bread type were asked.
Results: The mean (SD) age of participants was 12.47 (3.36). They were consisted of 50.76% girls and 75.57% urban residents. The intake of white rice had significant positive association with anthropometric indices and SBP levels (P-value<0.05). In crude and adjusted models, white rice consumption was significantly associated with BMI (0.29(0.06-0.51 and 0.19(0.02-0.35)). Likewise, significant association existed between the type of the bread and anthropometric indices (except for WHR). Potato consumption was significantly associated with anthropometric indices (except for WHR and WHtR) and BP levels. In adjusted model, potato consumption had significant positive association with BMI. For every increase in the frequency of daily consumption of white rice, 0.19 units were added to BMI.
Conclusion: White rice consumption increases the risk of general and abdominal obesity in children and adolescents. Consequently, for prevention and control of obesity, the consumption of refined grains should be limited by moderat-ing nutrition policies.
Keywords :
Grains , High blood pressure , Obesity , Anthropometric indices , Iran
