Author/Authors :
Zavar Reza, Javad Department of Biochemistry - Faculty of Medicine - Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran , Nahangi, Hossein Department of Anatomy - Faculty of Medicine - Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical, Yazd, IR Iran , Mansouri, Reza Department of Immunology - Faculty of Medicine - Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran , Dehghani, Ali Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology - Faculty of Health - Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran , Mojarrad, Majid Department of Medical Genetics - School of Medicine - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran , Fathi, Mohammad Department of Anesthesiology - Faculty of Medicine - Mofid Children’s Hospital - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , Nikzamir, Abdolrahim Endocrine Research Center - Valiasr Hospital - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , Yekaninejad, Saeed Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
Abstract :
Background: Macrophages derived foam cells are key factors in the maladaptive immune and inflammatory response.
Objectives: The study of the cholesterol homeostasis and the molecular factor involved in these cells is very important in understanding the process of atherosclerosis and the mechanisms that prevent its occurrence.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study investigated the effects of c9, t11-Conjugated Linoleic Acid (c9, t11-CLA). Alpha Linolenic Acid (LA), and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) on the PPARα and ACAT1 mRNA expression by Real time PCR and cholesterol homeostasis in THP-1 macrophages derived foam cells.
Results: Incubation of CLA, LA, EPA, and synthetic ligands did not prevent increasing the cellular total cholesterol (TC). Free cholesterol (FC) is increased by Sandoz58-035 (P = 0.024) and decreased by fatty acids and Wy14643 (Pirinixic acid) (P = 0.035). The pattern of distribution of %EC is similar to the EC pattern distribution. The ACAT1 mRNA expression was significantly increased by EPA (P = 0.009), but c9, t11- CLA, LA, Wy14643, and Sandoz58-035 had no significant effect on the mRNA level of ACAT1 expression compared to DMSO(Dimethyl sulfoxide).
Discussions: In comparison to the control of Wy14643, Sandoz58-035, c9 and t11-CLA, EPA increased the PPARα mRNA levels (P = 0.024, P = 0.041, P = 0.043, and P = 0.004, respectively), even though, LA had no significant effect on the PPARα mRNA expression (P = 0.489).
Conclusions: Variations in the chemical structure of fatty acids can affect their physiological function.
Keywords :
Atherosclerosis , Macrophages , Receptors , Oxidized LDL , Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
