The Correlation between Glucose and Lipid Biomarkers Variations with Biometric Characteristics and Intraocular Pressure Changes during Ramadan Fasting

Introduction: Changes in eating and sleeping habits during fasting influence various physiological parameters, thereby leading to impact on the ocular system. The present study aimed to assess the correlation between variations of glucose and lipid biomarkers with the biometric properties and intraocular pressure changes associated with Ramadan fasting. Methods: This study was conducted on100 healthy fasting volunteers. In total, 89 participants completed the course of the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Right-eye ocular axial length and anterior chamber depth were measured using the IOL Master (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). Afterwards, the intraocular pressure of the right eye was measured using a non-contact tonometer (Topcon, Computerized Tonometer CT-1/CT-1P, Tokyo, Japan).Blood samples were obtained from the participants, and the concentrations of the biomarkers, including fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein were measured using the Hitachi 717 analyzer (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). All the assessments were performed one week before and after Ramadan. Results: Among 89 healthy Muslims who completed the study, 51 were male (mean age: 35.51±8.94 years), and 38 were female (mean age: 34.26±9.41 years). No significant correlations were observed between changes in axial length with variations of glucose, and lipid biomarkers in the fasting individuals. Furthermore, only an insignificant correlation was denoted between the anterior chamber depth and high-density lipoprotein changes during Ramadan. The findings also revealed only an insignificant association between intraocular pressure and cholesterol changes in healthy fasting individuals. Conclusion: According to the results, changes in the ocular parameters in Ramadan fasting are probably independent of the variation levels of glucose and lipid biomarkers.