Spherical Surfaced Magnetic (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles as Nano Adsorbent Material for Treatment of Industrial Dye Effluents

Magnetic nanoparticles are of great interest for researchers from a wide range of disciplines, including nano-magnetic fluids, nanocatalysis, biomedical applications, magnetic resonance imaging, and specifically environmental remediation. Nanomaterial like Iron Oxide (Fe3O4) is one of the most promising candidates to remove heavy metals and dyestuffs from the industrial effluent. Among these, Fe3O4 is the extensively used smart material with magnetic properties that having high surface area. High surface to volume ratio provides more surfaces for chemical reaction for the surface adsorption. Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been synthesized using a sonochemical method using ultra frequency in aqueous solution under optimized conditions. The as-synthesized nanoparticle was analyzed using different characterization tools. The Transmission Electron microscope (TEM) images revealed 10-12 nm spherical shape nanoparticles; the crystalline structure was confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The functional groups were identified by Fourier Transform-Infra Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR), revealed the bending and stretching vibrations associated with Iron Oxide (Fe-O) nanoparticles. In the present study, for the efficient adsorption of dyestuff effluents, the samples collected were subjected to adsorption and decolorization at definite time intervals with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The amount of Iron oxide was kept constant for the reaction and the concentrated dyestuff effluents were diluted ten times and observe the absorption in UV –Vis Spectroscopy. It was found that the spherical shaped Fe3O4 proved to be the potential material for the adsorption of dyestuff effluents. The result concluded that the effective adsorption and decolorization of contaminants is observed in the maximum time period of 30 minutes with the minimum amount of Fe3O4.