Radiographic Comparison of Bovine Bone Substitute Alone versus Bovine Bone Substitute and Simvastatin for Human Maxillary Sinus Augmentation

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of bovine bone substitute (Compact Bone B. ®) alone versus bovine bone substitute and simvastatin for human maxillary sinus augmentation. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 16 sinuses in eight patients. Radiographic assessments were done preoperatively (T0), immediately (T1) and at nine months after sinus grafting (T2). Alveolar bone height and density were assessed on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans using Planmeca Romexis™ Imaging Software 2.2. Results: The change in alveolar bone height and density between T0, T1 and T2 was significant in both groups. Alveolar bone height (h0, h1, h2) and vertical height of the grafted bone (g1, g2) in three lines (anterior, middle and posterior) were not significantly different between groups. The grafted bone height shrinkage (%) in the anterior, middle and posterior limits of the augmented area were not significantly different between groups. The existing alveolar and grafted bone density increased significantly in both groups between T1 and T2, except for the existing alveolar bone density in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences between the alveolar bone density values obtained in TI and T2 between groups, except for the existing alveolar bone density at T1. Conclusions: This study did not show any significant positive effect for simvastatin in maxillary sinus augmentation based on radiographic examination.