Author/Authors :
Shirazi, Mahmoud Department of Psychology - University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan , Fardin, Mohammad Ali Department of Psychology - Islamic Azad University - Zahedan Branch, Zahedan , Arab, Ali Department of Psychology - University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan , Sanagoue, Gholamreza Department of Psychology - Faculty of Education and Psychology - Islamic Azad University - Zahedan Branch, Zahedan , Nazar Alisofi, Allah Resalat Pardis Farhangian University, Zahedan
Abstract :
Background: During pregnancy, due to special hormonal and physiological changes that occur in the body, sleep disorders are very
prevalent; therefore, positive psychological states and emotions can have major impacts on overall sleep quality among pregnant
women.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 15 positive psychological states (trust in God, optimism, a sense of
efficacy, accepting responsibilities, a sense of control, purposefulness, hope, meaningfulness in life, life satisfaction, positive mood
and happiness, being social, self-esteem and self-worth, a sense of peace, appreciation, and forgiveness) on predicting sleep quality
among pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study followed a correlational-predictive design. The statistical population of this study
included all pregnant women referred to health care centers in Khash in the first half of 2015, which included 890 individuals. The
sampling method was multistage cluster sampling. Overall, 268 questionnaires were distributedamongpregnant women,whohad
the inclusion criteria of the current study, in order to be answer freely and voluntarily. Moreover, to collect data, two questionnaires
including positive psychological states (PPS) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were used.
Results: The results of the correlation coefficient indicated that optimism, purposefulness, hope, meaningfulness in life, life satisfaction,
positive mood and happiness, a sense of peace, trust in God and forgiveness were significantly related to high sleep quality
(P 0.01). However, sleep quality was not correlated with a sense of efficacy, accepting responsibilities, a sense of control, being
social, and a sense of self-esteem and self-worth (P 0.05). Additionally, the results of stepwise regression analysis showed that
positives mood, meaningfulness in life and hope together predicted 0.47 of the variance in sleep quality among pregnant women
(P0.01).
Conclusions: Since psychological states and emotions have great impacts on sleep quality of pregnant women, paying attention to
women’s psychological states and emotions, especially in the last trimester of pregnancy, seems essential.
