Association of Preoperative and Postoperative Brain Natriuretic Peptide Hormone with Morbidity in Adult Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Background: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a cardiac hormone, which its levels as a marker of morbidity in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the pre- and postoperative BNP changes and morbidity in adult patients undergoing CABG. Methods and materials: In this descriptive-analytical study, 50 patients were enrolled underwent elective CABG at the heart center of Rajaei hospital, Tehran, Iran, from September 2016 to May 2017. To determine the serum levels of BNP, blood samples were sent to laboratory at 24 hours before and 24 hours after induction of anesthesia. Duration of intubation, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and ejection fraction and serum creatinine were considered. Data were analyzed with SPSS Version 22 software and significance level was 5%. Results: Of patients, 33 (66%) were male and 17 (34%) were female. The mean age ± SD of patients was 61±9 (range 36-82 years). Mean ± SD preoperative BNP level was 919.81±2264.22 pg/ml and postoperative BNP level was 2951.22±4291.27 pg/ml. A significant correlation between pre and postoperative BNP levels and the amount of creatinine, surgical time and length of stay in ICU was not observed. The ejection fraction was correlated with pre and postoperative BNP levels. Conclusion: Serum levels of BNP at 24 hours before and after cardiac surgery could be a good biomarker for prediction and early diagnosis of heart failure in adults.