Phytotherapy and phytopharmacology for reduction of cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in the male urinary system

This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the protective effects and the role of medicinal plants and their derivatives in reducing the cyclophosphamide-induced side effects in the male urinary system. For this systematic review, the search terms cyclophosphamide, urinary system, male reproductive system, toxicity, cancer, chemotherapy, and side effects in combination with the terms medicinal plants, herbal medicines, and natural compounds were used to search for the relevant publications indexed in Google Scholar, Information Sciences Institute, Scopus, and PubMed. Fifteen plant extracts, two essential oils, three plant active components, and two herbal medicines were introduced. According to the results, plants with antioxidant compounds, such as flavonoids, are able to reduce cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity. It is therefore recommended that the plants with significant antioxidant effects be prescribed alongside cyclophosphamide and their effects be compared with other plants plants and their derivatives.