Synthesis and characterization of epoxy/graphite/nano‑copper nanocomposite for the fabrication of bipolar plate for PEMFCs

In this research, the synthesis of a suitable nanocomposite in terms of properties and economics for use in bipolar plates in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) has been carried out successfully. Nowadays, bipolar plates play a significant role in fuel cells which is absolutely important in renewable energy industry. So, epoxy/graphite/nano-copper nanocomposite bipolar plates are prepared by bulk molding compound process. Graphite and nano-copper were added as primary and secondary fillers to the composite, respectively. Epoxy resin was selected since fabrication bulk molding can be done with ease and also because of its lower cost compared to other materials. Although graphite could increase conductive characteristics, it is not sufficient for bipolar plates. Therefore, we boost the conductive properties by increasing nano-copper. Due to the small size of nanoscale copper, it can be well dispersed in polymer and graphite matrix; nano-copper can release conductive properties perfectly throughout the composite. Different percentages of nano-copper, graphite and constant percentage of epoxy are used for this purpose. The electrical resistance, flexural strength, and density of composites were measured according to the applicable standards. The morphology of the prepared plate was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) found that fillers disperse well in the matrix. Innovations in this work include improving properties and increasing the efficiency of the nanocomposite by adding metal nanoparticles (copper).