Review Article: Ophthalmic manifestations of multiple myeloma

BACKGROUND: The ophthalmic manifestations of multiple myeloma can be seen in practically every ocular structure. Ocular findings may be the first manifestations of the disease. It may also occur as one of the extramedullary manifestations of the disease or as the first sign of insufficient chemotherapy. Multiple myeloma may cause ocular pathology by direct infiltration or as extramedullary plasmacytomas resulting in displacement or compression of tissues, by causing hyperviscosity syndrome, and by immunoglobulin light chain deposition in ocular tissues.