Management influence on the dead wood distribution in a Norway spruce forest from Calimani National Park, Romania

The research paper mainly focuses on the distribution of dead wood depending on origin and based on the specific elements analysis related to the stand. The research has been conducted in the Calimani National Park, located in the north of the Eastern Carpathians, Romania. The only identified origin of snags across the covered surface was the natural one. In the case of logs, 95.8% of the total volume is of natural origin, while 4.2% has anthropic causes. In the case of stumps, its origin is mainly natural (64.3%). As concerns the distribution of the total volume of dead wood, for each stand type, have found that its highest value (87.8 m3 ·ha-1 ) is recorded in forests that have undergone forestry works, but the works are currently restricted, as these are part of the permanently protected areas on surfaces outside the forest standing crop (A2), while the lowest value (30.8 m3 ·ha-1 ) was in pastures or wooded pastures within the park boundaries (A4). The highest amount of snags (41.7 m3 ·ha-1 ) and logs (40.4 m3 ·ha-1 ) is recorded in the stands included in the A2 category, while the highest stumps value (9.5 m3 ·ha-1 ) is in forests that have undergone forestry works and where certain types of works are currently allowed, while these forests are now part of the sustainable conservation area (A3). The lowest value for snags (12.3 m3 ·ha-1 ), logs (17.0 m3 ·ha-1 ) and stumps (1.5 m3 ·ha-1 ) is recorded in forests included in the A4 category. Our findings show that both natural phenomena and anthropic activities have had significant effects on the dynamics of dead wood and that a series of measures or a dead wood management strategy are needed in order to preserve a high biodiversity in forests, so that they can properly fulfill the complex role for which they were created.