Angiogenesis modulatory activity of SC-CO2 leaf extract of guyabano (Annona muricata Linn.) using chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay

Cancer is a dreadful disease that affects a serious number of individuals. Tumor growth and its metastasis largely depend on angiogenesis. The effort to find cure for the disease without causing toxic effects on the patients’ lead numerous researches to venture on natural products. Annona muricata Linn. is famous worldwide for its ethnobotanical use. To date, no published research examined its effect on angiogenesis using chick chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM). The present study is then conducted to investigate if the plant can inhibit or promote blood vessel formations on CAM. GC-MS analysis identified seven phytocomponents (Z,E-2, 13-Octadecadein-1-ol, Allyldimethyl(prop-1-ynyl)silane, n-Hexadenoic acid, Phytol, Hexacosyl acetate, β-sitosterol, 1-Hexacosene). Tested on CAM assay, the SC-CO2 leaf extract at 20 mpa with three different concentrations (1 mg mL-1 , 2 mg mL-1 , 3 mg mL-1 ) was applied on eight days old incubated chicken eggs. After three days of incubation, raw pictures of the cam were analyzed using FracDim measuring the CAM’s blood vessel complexity to identify its modulatory effect. Further analysis was done using ANOVA which rendered significant results [F (4, 40) = 6.9643, p=0.000] suggesting then that A. muricata has a dose-dependent effect. These findings can then be considered when developing potential drugs from the plant targeting the angiogenic process.