Effect of plant growth regulators and sodium chloride on indirect organogenesis of three cultivars of potato plant (Solanum tuberosum L.) via in vitro culture

The results indicate the significant superiority of Lizita on the Arnova and Safari cultivars in their response to callus induction and shoot formation after four weeks from culture, reached 31.00% and 30.19%, respectively. But the Safari cultivar gave less response to callus induction and shoot formation (23.33% and 16.76%, respectively). The results also showed the significant superiority of the combination of 3.0 mg.L-1 NAA + 1.0 mg.L-1 BA on the other combinations in the percentage of callus initiation, reached 71.00%, while the two combinations of 3.0 mg.L-1 2,4-D + 1.0 mg.L-1 Kinetin and 3.0 mg.L-1 NAA + 1.0 mg.L-1 Kinetin gave the least response to callus induction (5.89% and 6.77%, respectively). The combination of 0.2 mg.L-1 NAA+1.5 mg.L-1 BA gave the highest percentage of shoots and a significant difference from other combinations. But the combination of 0.2 mg.L-1 2,4-D+1.0 mg.L-1 BA gave the lowest percentage of shoots, reaching 18.80%. The results showed the significant superiority of interaction between the combination of 0.2 mg.L-1 NAA + 1.5 mg.L-1 BA and Lizita cultivar in the percentage of indirect shoots, which reached 41.67%. The interaction between with the combination of 0.2 mg.L-1 NAA + 0.5 mg.L-1 BA and Safari cultivar gave the lowest of percentage of shoots, reached 14.72%. The interaction between 0.0 mmoL.L-1 NaCl and Lizita cultivar gave the highest percentage of shoot formation, reaching 42.11%. While the interaction between 80 mmoL.L-1 NaCl and Safari gave the lowest percentage of shoot formation, which reached 11.78%. Lizita cultivar was significantly superior to the Arnova cultivar in the percentage of shoot formation when each was cultured on MS medium supplemented with NaCl at 100 mmoL.L-1 , reached 16.54% and 13.39%, respectively.