Lymphoma infectious mononucleosis by Epstein-Barr virus: A case report

Background: Epstein-Bar virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis in more than 90% of children. Rarely, mononucleosis may lead to malignancy. The aim the current study was to introduce a child with mononucleosis and persistent adenopathy. Case report: A 4-year-old male patient presented with complaints of fever, shortness of breath and sore throat. He was treated with antibiotics and prednisolone. Normal flora was grown by pharynx and blood cultures. Due to the high clinical suspicion (persistent large lymph nodes), open biopsy of cervical lymph nodes was done after 3 weeks and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma disease was diagnosed in the biopsy. Conclusions: Atypical presentation should be considered for every child and biopsy is inevitable in larger and persistent lymphadenopathy after 2 weeks. Because of poor prognosis and high mortality rate, early detection of lymphoma is very important.