Association Between the Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disorders and Coronary Artery Occlusion on Angiography

Background: coronary artery occlusion is the main reason for cardiovascular disease-related deaths the world over. Hence, identifying its main determinants is essential for the proper prevention of coronary artery disease and its-related mortality and morbidity. The present study investigated the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the occlusion of coronary arteries in patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the medical records of 2046 consecutive patients with suspected cardiovascular disorders who were referred to the Angiography Center at Imam Hossein Hospital in the Iranian province of Ilam between January 2010 and January 2012 were reviewed via census sampling. Based on the angiography findings, the patients were classified as normal or involved coronary artery groups. The risk factors for cardiovascular disorders were also recorded. Binary and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for each risk factor. Results: In the final multivariable regression modeling, the variables of gender (OR=3.44 and 95% CI: 1.02 to 5.58), age (OR=1.10 and 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.15), a family history of coronary disease (OR=1.12 and 95% CI: 1.30 to 1.94), current smoking (OR=1.50 and 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.98), systolic blood pressure (OR=1.16 and 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.28), diastolic blood pressure (OR=1.04 and 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.09), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR=1.04 and 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.08) significantly increased the risk for coronary artery occlusion. Conclusions: Among the different non-modifiable variables, gender, age, and a family history of CAD and among the modifiable variables, smoking, hypertension, and a reduced HDL-C level increased the risk for coronary involvement. Further cohort studies and meta-analyses are required to clarify the causative association between these risk factors and coronary occlusion.