Evaluation of Coronary Involvement in Patients With Kawasaki Disease After Treatment

Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic syndrome of inflammatory with unknown cause and usually occurs in children. It is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in industrialized countries. Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the course of cardiovascular involvement in patients with KD after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin. Patients and Methods This retrospective study was performed on all children who were admitted with diagnosis of KD and had received intravenous immunoglobulin therapies and aspirin in Ali Ibne Abi Talib hospital during 2004 to 2013 years. Analysis was done by SPSS20 with 0.05 as significant level. Results Out of 53 patients, 60% were male. Early involvement of the right and left coronary heart disease were 20.75% and 26% respectively. The frequency of aneurysm for left and right coronary artery was 3 (5%) cases. The mean of left coronary artery and right coronary artery diameters in before and after treatment were 2.39 ± 0.84, 1.95 ± 0.72 and 2.12 ± 0.54, 1.81 ± 0.31 mm respectively and they had significant differences (P = 0.001). The means of duration of fever for with and without coronary aneurysm (13 ± 4.2 vs. 8.8 ± 2.8 days), sedimentation rate (121.5 ± 21 vs. 73.9 ± 29.8 mm) and alkaline phosphatase (808 ± 101 vs. 476 ± 148 Iu/L) in patients with KD had significant difference of P = 0.04, P = 0.03 and P = 0.003 respectively. Conclusions We found coronary artery disease and aortic aneurysm is almost similar to other studies and showed age, duration of fever onset, intravenous immunoglobulin, sedimentation and alkaline phosphatase have a role in coronary involvement and aneurysm.