The Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with Radachlorin and Toluidine Blue on Streptococcus Mutans: An in Vitro Study

Objectives: Dental caries and periodontal diseases are caused by infection of teeth andsupporting tissues due to complex aggregate of bacteria known as biofilm, firstly colonizedby streptococci. The main purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobialeffects of toluidine blue O (TBO) and Radachlorin® in combination with a diode laser onthe viability of Streptococcus mutans.Materials and Methods: Bacterial suspensions of Streptococcus mutans were exposed toeither 0.1% TBO associated with (20 mW, 633 nm diode laser, continuous mode, 150 s) or0.1% Radachlorin® and laser irradiation (100 mW, 662 nm diode laser, continuous mode,120 s). Those in control groups were subjected to laser irradiation alone orTBO/Radachlorin® alone or received neither TBO/Radachlorin® nor laser exposure. Thesuspensions were then spread over specific agar plates and incubated aerobically at 37°C.Finally, the bactericidal effects were evaluated based on colony formation.Results: Potential bacterial cell killing was only observed following photosensitizationwith TBO and 3 j/cm2 laser exposure (p<0.05), whereas Radachlorin® showed significantreduction in dark condition compared to laser exposure (p<0.05).Conclusion: TBO-mediated photodynamic therapy seems to be more efficient than Radachlorin® in significantly reducing the viability of Streptococcus mutans in vitro.