Author/Authors :
Motamed, Soudabe Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition - School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Mazidi, Mohsen Developmental Biology - Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing, China , Safarian, Mohammad Metabolic Syndrome Research Center - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran , Ghayour-Mobarhan, Majid Cardiovascular Research Center - School of Medicine and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran , Moohebati, Mohsen Cardiovascular Research Center - School of Medicine - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran , Ebrahimi, Mahmoud Cardiovascular Research Center - School of Medicine - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran , Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza Department of Neurology - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran , Heidari-Bakavoli, Alireza Department of Neurology - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran , Esmaily, Habibollah Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology - School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran , Baghestani, Ahmadreza Cardiovascular Research Center - School of Medicine - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran , Kengne, Andre Pascal Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit - South African Medical Research Council - University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa , A. Ferns, Gordon Brighton and Sussex Medical School - Division of Medical Education - Mayfield House - University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
Abstract :
BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare dietary macronutrient intake and physical activity level
(PAL) between community-based samples of Iranian adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS+)
and without metabolic syndrome (MetS-).
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 3800 men and women aged
35-65 years. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were used to define MetS. A
24-hour recall was used to evaluate dietary intake. The James and Schofield human energy
requirements equations were used to calculate PAL and questions were categorized into time
spent on activities during work (including housework), during non-work time, and in bed.
RESULTS: The mean ± standard deviation (SD)age of the MetS+ and MetS- subjects was,
respectively, 48.8 ± 7.8 years (521 men and 1178 women) and 47.6 ± 7.5 years (714 men and 1222
women) (P = 0.930). The mean energy intake was higher in the MetS+ men compared with MetSmen
(1977.4 ± 26.6 vs. 1812.7 ± 21.7 Kcal; P < 0.001). Crude and energy-adjusted intake from total
fat was lower in MetS+ women compared with MetS- women (both P < 0.010). PALs were lower in
MetS+ compared with MetS- participants (P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, no significant
association was observed between the intake of individual macronutrients and MetS. In contrast,
PAL was inversely associated with the incidence of MetS [OR = 0.34 (95% CI: 0.17-0.57); P < 0.001].
CONCLUSION: In the current study, there was an inverse relationship between PAL and the risk of
MetS, but no association between individual dietary macronutrients intake and the incidence of MetS.
