Study of Drying Method Types on the Physicochemical Characteristics of PurpleFleshed Sweet Potato Extract Powder

The purpose of this study was to obtain the best anthocyanin pigment extract powder from 3 types of drying process, vacuum drying, spray drying, and  freezedrying. The duration and temperature for each type of drying process are 15 h with temperature of 40 oC, 2 h with temperature of 120 oC (inlet) and 60 oC (outlet), 24 h with temperature of 50 oC respectively. This research used the Randomized Block Design method consisting of three treatments with four replications. If there is a significant difference between treatments, the test is continued with the Duncan test. Three drying methods, namely: Treatment A = Vacuum Drying, Treatment B = Spray Drying, Treatment C = Freezedrying. The Freezedrying method produces the best characteristics with total anthocyanin 121.63 mg/100 g (DB), color intensity L* (brightness) 64.20, a* (redness) 65.60, b* (yellowness) 18, 52, water content 5.00%, hygroscopicity 12.87%, solubility 97.21%, dissolution time 151 seconds, pH level 2.93, yield 28.69%, and PSA 0.95 µm. Based on the experiment’s result, freezedrying method was the most suitable parameter for physiochemistry characteristic. It has the highest amount of anthocyanin, the highest antioxidant activity, and the smallest amount of PSA (Particle Size Analyzer).