DNA damage and hematological changes in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to oxadiazon

This study was carried out to investigate the genotoxic, and hematological and serum biochemical effects of a widely used herbicide, oxadiazon in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerling. Fish were exposed to different concentrations (0, 1, 1.5 and 2 ppm) of the herbicide for 30 days. Blood samples were collected, then comet assay in circulating erythrocyte cells was applied. Erythrocytes cells of fish exposed to 1, 1.5 and 2 ppm of oxadiazon showed DNA damage (21.3%, 22.9%, and 28.4%, respectively) significantly higher than the control group. Moreover, exposure to oxadiazon significantly decreased WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct as well as serum albumin, glucose, and total protein levels, while serum ALP was significantly increased in the exposed fish groups. No significant differences were found in MCV, MCHC and MCH levels between oxadiazon treatments and control groups. In conclusion, this study shows that oxadiazon is highly toxic to C. carpio and causes significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters as well as indicates the mutagenic potential of oxadiazon in the erythrocyte cells of this fish.