Analysis of antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of purified recombinant Azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of recombinant Azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa against different bacterial species. #xD; Materials and Methods: The azurin gene was cloned in the pET21a vector. The pET21aazurin construct was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21. The recombinant Azurin was expressed and purified using affinity chromatography and confirmed by Western blotting. The cytotoxicity of rAzurin was assessed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of rAzurin with different concentrations were determined by microbroth dilution and crystal violet methods, respectively. The effect of rAzurin on bacterial species was statistically analyzed by t test and spearman correlation. #xD; Results: The identity of purified protein was confirmed by blotting and distinguished as a 14 kDa band on 15% SDSPAGE. The IC50 of rAzurin on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) was determined as 377.91 #xB1;0.5 #xB5;g/mL in 24 h. Vibrio cholerae and Campilobacter jejuni displayed the most sensitivity to rAzurin (27.5 and 55 #x3BC;g/mL, respectively) and the highest resistance (220 #x3BC;g/mL) was displayed by P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The MIC for other species was 110 #x3BC;g/mL. The Minimum Biofilm Inhibition Concentration (MBIC) was determined as 220 #x3BC;g/mL for Salmonella enterica and V. cholerae, 300 #x3BC;g/mL for Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri and P. aeruginosa and 440 #x3BC;g/mL for the other species. The antimicrobial effect of rAzurin on bacterial species were significant (p value lt;0.05) and correlation coefficient was negative. #xD; Conclusion: The rAzurin appears to be an appropriate choice and a new strategy for prevention of bacterial infection. It inhibits bacterial growth and biofilm formation and candidates as antimicrobial peptides.