Association between TGFBeta1 (509) C/T Gene Polymorphism and Tissue Degradation Level In Chronic Periodontitis: A Stereological Study

The recent years has seen enormous research attempts in the study for genetic factors that may predispose individuals to periodontitis, as one of the most common chronic infectious disease in humans. The aim of the present study was to determine the breakdown of interdental gingiva tissues in chronic periodontitis patients with TGFβ1 (509) C/T polymorphisms. A total of 60 gingival samples, including 45 patient and 15 healthy subjects, were selected for this study. Following determination of TGFβ1 (509) C/T gene polymorphism by Tetra primer amplification refractory mutation systempolymerase chain reaction (TARMSPCR), the patients were divided to three subgroups according to their genotype (6 TT, 21 TC and 18 CC). After tissue processing, sectioning and staining, quantitative parameters were estimated by Cavalieri’s pointcounting estimation. The Volume density (Vʋ) of epithelium, connective tissue, collagenous and noncollagenous matrix and blood vessels had statistically significant differences between the control and chronic periodontitis (CP) groups (P 0.0001). Statistically significant differences in the Vʋ of collagenous matrix, noncollagenous compartment and blood vessels between TT, TC and CC groups were found (P 0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences in the Vʋ of epithelium, connective tissue of gingiva and noncollagenous matrix between TT, TC and CC groups (P 0.05). The results of the present study showed that TGFβ1 (509) C/T is strongly associated with quantitative parameters of connective tissue constituents of interdental papilla in CP patients.