Author/Authors :
Hajializadeh, Farhad MD College of Veterinary Medicine of Urmia Branch of Islamic Azad University - College of Veterinary Medicine - Urmia Branch - Islamic Azad University, Urmia , namjpour, Ali Virology Division - Department of Pathobiology - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Aghamiri, Shahin Department of Medical Biotechnology - School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine - Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Bayat, Shiva Department of genetic - School of Medicine - Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Namjoo, Soodeh Department of Hematology and blood banking of Iran University of Medical Sciences - Allied Medical Sciences - Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Zaker, Farhad Cellular and Molecular Research Center - Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
Abstract :
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological malignant disease characterized by an enhanced self-renewal ability of precursor lymphoid cells whose cell division takes more time than their normal counterparts.
ALL occurs most between 2 to 5 years of age and during the sixth decade of life. There is a strong relationship between the time ALL occurrence in children and the genetic abnormalities which are identified by the rate of leukemic concordance between identical twins.
About 90% of ALL cases do not have a clear etiological mechanism. Genetic syndromes, polymorphic variants genes, germline mutations, and some environmental factors are responsible for less than 10% of ALL predisposition but the pathogenesis mechanism of ALL is not identified precisely.
Here we review the recent findings and earlier studies about the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its incidence. This article also summarizes the identification of predictive factors for ALL and options available to predict disease recurrence.
Keywords :
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia , Genetic abnormalities , Incidence , Pathogenesis
