Assessment of human periodontal ligament stem cell surface molecules and wisdom tooth follicle stem cell surface molecules

Objectives: Stem cells are the best cells that can be used for periodontal tissue regeneration in the treatment of periodontal disease. The aim of the present study was to compare the features of dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Materials and Methods: In this study, five samples from DF and five samples from PDL were collected from patients. Cells were subsequently expanded by three passages. Cells were evaluated then by inverted microscope and flow cytometry. (DFSCs) and (PDLSCs) were stained with markers (CD90, CD166, CD105, CD44, CD73, CD13, CD45, CD34, CD38, and CD31) and examined for as well as for osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Results: The DFSCs and PDLSCs expressed MSCs markers, as shown by flow cytometry. The cells were negative for CD45, CD34, CD38, CD31 markers but were positive for CD90, CD166, CD105, CD44, CD73, and CD13 markers. Cell attached to the flask macroscopically, and spindle cells attached to the inverted microscope. DFSCs and PDLSCs also differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes in osteogenic and adipogenic media. Conclusion: This study opens the way for further research of human dental follicle and periodontal cells. The present study found that stem cells derived from the PDL and DF express CD90, CD166, CD105, CD44, CD73, and CD13 markers, similar to mesenchymal stem cells. PDL and DF cells differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes in osteogenic and adipogenic media.