Association between bone discordance and dietary pattern among Iranian postmenopausal women

Background: Bone discordance considered a new challenge to a diagnosis of osteoporosis, especially among postmenopausal women, there are many causes have been proposed for the occurrence of this phenomenon. This study was conducted to investigate the relation between major dietary patterns and bone discordance in postmenopausal women. Methods: In this crosssectional study, 258 postmenopausal women completed demographic data from June 2015 to February 2016. Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Dietary patterns were created by PCA method from 25 food groups. Dualenergy xray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed on lumbar (L2L4) and hip for cases. Results: Three major dietary patterns were identified by using factor analysis based on baseline intake data: Unhealthy, Mediterranean and Western diet. After analysis, we found 55.41% were concordance and 44.56% (4.26% were in the major discordance group of participants were discordance. We found participants who were in discordance group were younger, and obese participants were more talented to be in the major discordance group. We found an inversely relationship between unhealthy dietary pattern and hip and lumbar Z score, while there was a positive relationship between Mediterranean dietary pattern and hip BMD. No associations were found between dietary pattern and bone discordance. Conclusion: This study concluded that bone discordance was directly related to obesity. Obese and younger women were at risk of bone discordance. Unhealthy and a Mediterranean dietary pattern were negatively and positively related to bone density among postmenopausal women.