Effects of physical parameters on coastal currents due to density difference and tide at Northern regions of Persian Gulf

Sea currents are among the most important issues in dynamical oceanography. In this study, using comprehensive MIKE software, sea currents were modeled by implementing physical sea parameters such as temperature and salinity at Persian Gulf region. Based on this research, the results showed that the speed of current along the longitudinal length of Persian Gulf is very stronger than the speed of the current along the lateral of the Persian Gulf. Despite the fact that there is a significant difference from winter to summer in terms of temperature and salinity but because of the low depth of the Persian Gulf, the temperature and salinity differences are very little at sea bed and surface levels over seasons. The Persian Gulf is approximately homogeneous in terms of temperature, salinity, and tide and no considerable layer differences occur. In winter, the surface temperature of the Oman Sea and Hormuz Strait is low at deep water is and it increases towards the coastal areas and shallow water. In contrast, in summer, the temperature has the highest values in deep waters and it decreases towards the low-depth areas. In winter, in deeper area of the Persian Gulf, the surface salinity has the maximum values, and in the low-depth coastal line and the inlets there are more salinity.