Spatial-Temporal Modeling of Qualitative Parameters and Land Use Status in Anzali International Wetland Using GIS Technique

Aims Monitoring and zoning of water resources are one of the important principles in environmental planning and management. Therefore, considering the issues raised and the importance of Anzali wetland monitoring, the assessment of effective factors in zoning (GIS) along with TSI p, TSI n, and NSFWQI indices and the study of land use effects justifies the necessity of this study. Materials & Methods In this study, physicochemical parameters of water (phosphate, total nitrogen and total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, acidity, electrical conductivity, and BOD5 properties) and water quality indicators (TSI p, TSI n, and NSFWQI) were modeled using GIS interpolation functions. To determine the effect of land use, the partial and Pearson correlations coefficient were used. Findings According to zonation maps of annual mean values of qualitative parameters, the lowest dissolved oxygen content was in the eastern part of the wetland, the highest electrical conductivity, as well as BOD5 observed in the center of the north, in the east and north of the wetland, respectively. A survey of the total phosphate zonation map revealed the increasing trend from west to east of the wetland. The partial correlation analysis showed that the electrical conductivity, acidity and total dissolved solids were directly affected by inputs and effluent from the land use (p<0.05; p<0.01). Conclusion Based on the coefficient of determination, about 70% of the pollution derived from the use of wetlands surrounding and entering wastewater from agricultural fields, industrial and urban.