Analysis of interleukin‑10 gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy controls

Background: Interleukin‑10 (IL‑10) is an anti‑inflammatory cytokine that has important roles in the periodontal diseases. The IL10‑1082, ‑819, and ‑592 polymorphisms in the promoter region of IL‑10 gene have been associated with various IL‑10 expressions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between these gene polymorphisms with chronic periodontitis in a sample of Iranian populations from Southeast of Iran. Materials and Methods: IL‑10 single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed in 210 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and 100 individuals without CP by polymerase chain reaction‑restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Statistical analysis of data was performed using the Chi‑square test. The risk associated with single alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes were calculated by performing a multiple logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). P < 0.05 for statistical significance. Results: The prevalences of AG and GG genotypes of IL10‑1082 were significantly different between CP and control groups in comparison to AA genotype (OR = 2.671; CI = 1.482–4.815; P = 0.001 for AG vs. AA, o‎r = 4.151; CI = 2.128–8.097; P < 0.001 for GG vs. AA). In addition, subjects with at least one IL10‑1082‑G allele were significantly had an increased risk for CP (OR = 2.157; CI = 1.531–3.038; P < 0.001). The distribution of the IL10‑819 and IL10‑592 genotypes was not different between CP and control subjects (P = 0.109 and P = 0.139, respectively). The combination of different genotypes showed that GCC haplotype was significantly different between groups (OR = 4.379; CI = 1.077–17.807; P = 0.039). Conclusion: The results demonstrated that IL10‑1082 polymorphism was a putative risk factor for chronic periodontitis and associated with increased susceptibility to CP.