The Effect of One Bout Submaximal Endurance Exercise on the Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses of Hypertensive Patients

Introduction: Changes in some of the immune system factors are associated with a risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of one bout submaximal endurance exercise (OBSEE) on the innate and adaptive responses of hypertensive patients. Methods: From among 70 men with hypertension, 20 men (Mean ± SD, age: 60.25 ± 4.59 yrs, body mass index (BMI): 29.57 ± 3.68 k/m2, and the maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max): 34.83 ± 2.11 ml/kg/min) were chosen. The statistical sample performed OBSEE for 30 minutes at 6065% of the maximum heart rate reserve (MHRR). Blood sampling was performed to measure the response of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NEUT), basophils (BASO), eosinophils (EO), monocytes (MONO) and lymphocytes (LYMPH) of hypertensive patients before and immediately after exercise. ShapiroWilk test was used to normalize the research data. To analyze the data, paired sample ttest was used at significant level (P ≤ 0.05). The hypothesis test was performed using SPSS software version 19. Results: Submaximal endurance exercise significantly increased IgA (P = 0.001), IgG (P = 0.001), IgM (P = 0.001) and WBC (P = 0.001) in hypertensive patients. On the other hand, a significant decrease in EO levels (P = 0.001) was observed after OBSEE. Significant changes were not found in NEUT (P = 0.907), BASO (P = 0.383), MONO (P = 0.220) and LYMPH (P = 0.422) levels. Conclusion: It seems that OBSEE can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease caused by elevated EO in these patients, while enhancing the adaptive immune system in hypertensive patients.