Investigation and Comparison of Cobalt ferrite composite nanoparticles with individual Iron oxide and Cobalt oxide nanoparticles in azo dyes removal

Photocatalytic treatment of wastewater from azo dyes with semiconductors promises efficient method to refine water. Cobalt ferrite is synthesized and utilized for dye removal as a semiconducting composite. To compare the photocatalytic performance of its individual oxides, Co3O4 and FeO were synthesized by the same route and applied to water treatment. In this work, cobalt ferrite, Co3O4, and FeO nanoparticles were synthesized as photocatalysts by employing wet chemical method with chloride precursors respectively (CoCl2.6H2O FeCl3.6H2O, CoCl2.6H2O, FeCl3. 6H2O). The synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The obtained photocatalysts were coated on the glass by Dr. Blade method. The degradation of Acid Black 1 (AB1) and Reactive Red 4 (RR4) by cobalt ferrite, Co3O4 and FeO were carried out under UV light irradiation to investigate their photocatalytic activities. FeO nanoparticles were found as the best photocatalyst to achieve maximum degradation of Azo dyes. The high degradation performance of FeO can be attributed to the photo-Fenton phenomena-like furthermore photocatalytic process. The Degradation rate of AB1 by photocatalysts decreases in the order of FeO Co3O4 CoFe2O4. The photocatalytic degradation kinetics of AB1 using photocatalyst nanoparticles was found to be the first order kinetic rate. For RR4, CoFe2O4 followed first order, FeO and Co3O4 followed a second order kinetic rate. Presence of iron oxide in cobalt ferrite improved the photocatalytic performance