Study of Drug Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Yazd, Iran, During 2015 - 2016

Background: Pseudomonades are gram-negative, aerobic bacillus bacteria that are mobile and can be found in small numbers in the normal flora of intestine and on the skin of humans. These bacteria can enter the sites with the impaired normal defense to cause diseases. P. aeruginosa in immunocompromised patients, cutaneous membranes injuries, intravenous or urinary catheters, and neutropenia or cystic fibrosis can lead to infections. Pseudomonas is resistant to many antibacterial drugs and their resistance has increased in the last years. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Yazd, Iran, during 2015 - 2016. Methods: This study was done on 191 positive cultures for P. aeruginosa from May 2015 until May 2016 in Shahid Sadoughi and central laboratories. The questionnaires were filled out through checklists and data were analyzed in SPSS16 using Chi-Square test. In this study, the sensitivity was evaluated according to the type of antibiotics, location of sampling, and the type of the specimens. Results: The bacteria had most sensitivity to imipenem (55%) and then to amikacin (45%). In addition, the highest resistance was to ceftriaxone (100%). The bacterial resistance to other types of antibiotics was as follows: Meropenem (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), ceftazidime (95%), and cefotaxime (10%). There were no significant differences between antibiotic sensitivities according to the type of specimens while there was a significant difference between antibiotic sensitivities based on the location of the clinic. Conclusions: According to the results of this study and resistance changes through the years, it is suggested that drug resistance of these bacteria is investigated periodically.