Combined Role of Manpower Ethics and Physical Space Facilities of Bank Branches in Productivity Analysis

Productivity growth and efficiency improvements are the major sources of economic development. Pure efficiency, scale efficiency, and technology are basic factors, and rules and regulations and balance are recently known factors affecting the productivity growth. This paper focuses on the effect of manpower ethics and physical space facilities of bank branches as two factors affecting the Malmquist productivity index in the bank branches evaluation. The proposed model uses assurance region weight restrictions to increase discrimination power of basic data envelopment analysis models for the constant return to scale technologies. The validity of the proposed model and the extended Malmquist index is confirmed with an empirical case study of 74 branches of aspecializedbank in thehousing sector of Iran in two time periods of 2017 and 2018. The results for both traditional and extended indicesand the effects of manpower ethics and physical space facilities are analyzed.