Clinical Findings of Infants Born to an HIV-Positive Mother: A Hospital Based Case-Control Study in Tehran, Iran

Background There are contradictory results regarding association between maternal HIV infection and neonatal adverse outcomes. Therefore, in this study the neonates born from HIV-positive mothers compared with HIV-negative mothers were assessed in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods This retrospective case-control study was conducted on 50 infants born to an HIV-positive mother compared with 53 infants born to an HIV-negative mother as control group, during 8 years of a period from 2006-2015, admitted in Valiasr Hospital of Tehran. Data were gathered from medical records of patients. Results All children (n=53, 100%) in the case group were born through cesarean section; while 20.75% of the control group children were born by natural delivery (P=0.001). There was statistically significant difference between neonates born from HIV-positive mothers compared to HIV-negative mothers with respect to delivery method and gender (P<0.05). The mean weights (gr) were higher in the controls than the cases (3052.830±380.71 vs. 2731.80±575.90) (P=0.001). Also, a significantly increased Hemoglobin was observed in the controls (15.87±1.97 g/dL) compared to the cases (13.42±1.69 g/dL) (P=0.001). Liver functions test (LFTs) was significantly higher in case groups (P=0.005). Conclusion Based on the results, the mean weight and hemoglobin were lower in infants born from HIV-positive women compared with HIV-negative women. Also, LFT Disorder was higher in infants born from HIV-positive women compared with HIV-negative women.