Immunology, Treatment and Public Health Aspects of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background: We aimed to explore the treatment and safety of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods: A retrospective analysis was applied on 137 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage treated in Binzhou Central Hospital, Bingzhou, China from March 2015 to October 2018. Seventy cases with interventional embolization of intracranial aneurysms were divided as the observation group, and 67 cases with craniotomy for aneurysm clipping were divided as the control group. The changes of immune globulins before and after surgery, CD4+, CD8+, NIHSS scores, BI scores, the total effective rate of subarachnoid hemorrhage, the total length of postoperative hospital stay and conditions of postoperative complications as well as 30-day survival were compared between the two groups. Results: The levels of Ig G, Ig M, Ig A, and CD4+ after surgery in the observation group were significantly lower than those before surgery (P<0.05), but significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); the total time of postoperative hospitalization in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of intracranial infection and cerebral vasospasm in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The NIHSS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the BI score was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing interventional embolization of aneurysms can reduce the impact on immune function, decrease the adverse reactions caused by treatments, shorten the length of hospital stay and fully improve the efficacy.