Integration of Selected Novel Pesticides with Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for Management of Pests in Cotton

Selected pesticides widely used worldwide to control key pests on cotton plants were evaluated for integration with the Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii). Chlorantraniliprole showed a mean emergence of approximately 79˗˗82 and 87˗˗91% at both 6.25x and 9.4x doses when host eggs (Sitotroga cerealella Olivier) were treated at larval and pupal stage of parasitoids, respectively. Helicoverpa armigera NucleoPolyhedroses Virus (HaNPV) revealed mean emergence ranging from 80 to 84% at both 12.5x and 6.25x doses in the pupal stage treatment. Spiromesifen demonstrated mean emergence approximately ranging from 82.35 to 88.55% at 5x, x, and 0.5x doses in both the egg and pupal stage treatments, and in addition at 8.3X dose in the pupal stage treatment. Spiromesifen led to mean emergence of 88.20 and 79.52% at 2x and 5x doses, respectively, when parasitoid was treated at larval stage. When individual T. chilonis females were exposed to the previously treated host eggs (S. cerealella), chlorantraniliprole resulted in mean parasitism ranging from 17.88 to 20.88 parasitized host eggs at both 5x and 3.13x doses, while spiromesifen led to mean parasitism of 7.20 parasitized host eggs at 10.4x dose and showed significant effect on parasitism by parasitoid. The results indicated that the pesticides tested against emergence exhibited no significant toxic effects on the parasitoid.