Author/Authors :
Hajipour, Mahmoud Epidemiology Department - School of Public Health and Safety - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Tabatabaee, Hamid Reza Department of Epidemiology - School of Health - Research Center for Health Sciences - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz , Etemad, Koorosh Department of Epidemiology - Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Ansari, Hossein Health Promotion Research Center - Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan , Ansari Moghadam, Alireza Health Promotion Research Center - Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan , Mohammadi, Mehdi Health Promotion Research Center - Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan , Tabatabaei, Mehdi Health Promotion Research Center - Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan , Mirahmadizadeh, Ali Reza Non-communicable Diseases Research Center - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz , Lotfi, Mohammad Hassan Department of Epidemiology - Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd , Saeidinejat, Shahin Department of Health Education and Health Promotion - School of Health Sciences - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad , Soltani, Maryam Razi Clinical Research Development Unit(RCRDU) - Birjand University of Medical Sciences(BUMS), Birjand , Valadbeigi, Tannaz Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud , Yaghoobi, Halime Mother and Child Welfare Research Center - Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas , Rajabi, Abdolhalim Health Management and Social Development Research Center - Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan , Ghasemi, Ali Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand , Mahdizadeh, Kambiz Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand , Ghasemi, Fatemeh Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand , Shahbazi, Fatemeh Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Piri, Negar Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Enayatrad, Mostafa Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful , Zolfizadeh, Fatemeh Mother and Child Welfare Research Center - Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas , Mahdavi, Sepideh Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud , Afrashteh, Sima Department of Epidemiology - School of Health - Research Center for Health Sciences - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz , Dianatinasab, Mostafa Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud , Almasi, Zeinab Health Promotion Research Center - Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan
Abstract :
Background: Stillbirth is an important economic, cultural, and health index that has a higher prevalence in developing countries.
Objectives: The present research was conducted to determine the pre-pregnancy risk factors of stillbirth in Iran.
Methods: This research is a national population-based case-control study on the risk factors of stillbirth in Iran. A total of 3,085 women presenting to public healthcare centers of ten provinces/cities of Iran entered the study, including 1,459 women who their last pregnancy ended in a stillbirth as the case group and 1,626 women who their last pregnancy ended in a live birth as the control group. Data were collected with a researcher-made questionnaire and were then analyzed by SPSS-19 using the chi-square and the logistic regression tests. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The results revealed a relationship between the last pregnancy ending in a stillbirth and a previous history of stillbirth (OR = 2.64, CI: 1.81 - 3.85, P = 0.001), miscarriage (OR = 1.57, CI: 1.21 - 2.03, P = 0.001) irregular menstruation (OR = 1.29, CI: 1.02 - 1.64, P = 0.029), age over 35 (OR = 1.58, CI: 1.17 - 2.14, P = 0.001), low level of education (OR = 3.50, CI: 2.30 - 5.33, P = 0.001), and the use of oral contraceptives.
Conclusions: There are several risk factors for stillbirth, including a previous history of stillbirth, miscarriage or irregular menstrual cycle, most of which can be controlled through pre-pregnancy training. Educational interventions are, therefore, required to improve the knowledge of women at childbearing age and preventive measures should be taken to reduce the number of stillbirths in pregnant women.
