A review of advantages and disadvantages of different intraoral and extraoral autogenic osseous grafts in the reconstruction of bony defects

While performing a tooth extraction surgery, removal of implants with incorrect orientation, or sinus lift choosing the best source of graft is always facing a challenge. Various options are available for obtaining grafts to reconstruct the defects. To make the wise choice in each case we should follow these questions: Is autogenic grafts still the gold standard? What are the benefits of intra-oral grafts in comparison with extra-oral ones? Between all different available intra-oral sources, which one is of great advantage for the patient? Is there a clear and certain protocol to select the donor site? What are the new and innovative techniques carried out as case reports recently to highlight the less-paid attention sites? To find the answers, a review of systematic reviews and case reports published in the PUBMED database from 2001 to 2017 was performed. By reviewing articles introduced characteristics of different sources and surgical techniques, we can conclude there is a more or less specific protocol to guide the surgeons to select the best donor site in each case.