Trans-Diaphragmatic Rupture of Liver Hydatid Cyst in to the Pleural Cavity: A Case Report

Cystic echinococcosis disease is a parasitic and zoonotic disease which is caused by Echinococcosis granulosus, which is endemic in Mediterranean Region and Middle East countries, including Iran. Cyst formation usually occurs in the liver and grows slowly in a spherical shape. The patients are usually asymptomatic until the lesion reaches a significant size or becomes complicated by rupture. Hepatic lesions are usually single. Diagnosis could be made on the basis of imaging studies including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound study, especially for liver involvement. Serologic studies are usually helpful and antibody detection is more sensitive than antigen. This article introduces a middle aged man who was presented to the emergency department with acute pleuritic chest pain. Further evaluations revealed coexisting liver and chest hydatid cyst with rupture of the liver cyst in to the pleural cavity, following rupture of the diaphragm. Then diagnosis and treatment are discussed.