Allele and Genotype Frequencies of CYP2C19 in Patients with Drug-Eluting Stents Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Southwest of Iran

Background: Clopidogrel is a platelet inhibitor drug widely used in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the prevention of stent thrombosis. Genetic variation within CYP2C19 gene causes variable clopidogrel response. The FDA has recommended CYP2C19 genotyping in the patients taking clopidogrel, especially in the population with high prevalence rates of CYP2C19 *2 and *3 alleles. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms in the population received Drug-Eluting Stents following PCI in the southwest of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 102 patients undergoing PCI. Demographic characteristics and risk factors of patients were collected using a questionnaire and CYP2C19 genotyping was carried out by PCR-RFLP. Then CYP2C19 allele and genotype frequencies were determined and analyzed using χ² test. Results: Data analysis showed that the frequencies of CYP2C19*1, CYP2C19*2, and CYP2C19*3 allele were 79.4%, 15.2%, and 5.4%, respectively. The frequency of CYP2C19*1/*1 genotype was 60.8%. Moreover, CYP2C19*1/*2, CYP2C19*1/*3, CYP2C19*2/*3 heterozygote genotypes were shown in 28.4%, 8.8%, and 2.0% of the subjects, respectively. None of the patients had CYP2C19*2/*2 or CYP2C19*3/*3 genotypes. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a high prevalence of CYP2C19*2 polymorphism in the population lived in the southwest of Iran. The frequency of CYP2C19*1/*2 genotype is compatible with the majority of the Iranian population and more similar to Caucasian populations.