Effect of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Ferula asafoetida Oleo-Gum Resin on the Glucose Level and Lipid Profile in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Background: The potential antidiabetic effects of medicinal plants are investigated since long ago by researchers in medicine. Ferula asafoetida, as a medicinal herb, is traditionally used for the treatment of asthma, epilepsy, stomach pain, bloating, and diabetes. Objectives: The current study aimed at investigating the effect of ethyl acetate extract of F. asafoetida on the glucose level and lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: The F. asafoetida extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to diabetic rats once daily for a 28-day period. The diabetic control group received the extract solvent as a vehicle by the same manner. Serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured on the days 0, 17, and 31 of the intervention. In addition, animals’ weight changes were monitored during the experiment. Results: The F. asafoetida extract significantly reduced serum glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, and LDL levels in diabetic rats, compared to the controls. Moreover, the weight-loss observed in diabetic animals receiving the extract was insignificant. The extract had no effect on the serum HDL level. Conclusions: Ferula asafoetida influenced serum glucose decrease and improved lipid profile in diabetic animals. However, further research should be conducted on the mechanisms of actions of F. asafoetida extract.