Matrix metalloproteinase-9 increases and Interleukin-10 reduces with increase in body mass index in polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-sectional study

Background: Obesity, inflammation and alterations in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and nitric oxide (NO) levels are involved in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Objective: To investigate the relationship of MMP-9, NO and interleukin-10 (IL-10) with the increase in body mass index (BMI) in women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: Sixty two infertile PCOS women were included in the study. Serum levels of NO, IL-10 and MMP-9 were assessed in the women with increase in BMI. Results: MMP-9 was significantly increased (p = 0.029) and IL-10 (p = 0.015) was significantly reduced in obese PCOS subjects compared to those with lesser BMI. MMP-9 levels positively correlated with the duration of infertility (r = 0.253, p = 0.047) and negatively correlated with NO levels (r = - 0.259, p = 0.042). A significant negative correlation between the interleukin-10 levels and the BMI (r = - 0.272, p = 0.033) was also found in the PCOS subjects. Conclusion: MMP-9 levels are increased in obese PCOS women and it is associated with NO levels and the duration of infertility.