Author/Authors :
Ghehsareh Ardastani ، Azam Department of Pediatrics - School of Medicine - Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Hashemi ، Elham Department of Pediatrics Endocrinology - Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease - Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Beheshtinejad ، Mohadeseh Department of Pediatrics - School of Medicine - Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Dorostkar ، Rezvan Alzahra University Hospital - Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Abstract :
Background: The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3(25-OH D3)deficiency is a common problem worldwide, and it is aprevalent incidence in neonates. Different studies investigated the relationship of vitamin D deficiency with neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and respiratory distress in preterm neonates. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Alzahra Hospital affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. In total, 160 preterm neonates with 1000 g birth weight were evaluated for the manifestation of respiratory distress during the first 6 h of life. The neonates were divided into two groups of A (n=80) with respiratory symptoms and B (n=80) without respiratory symptoms. The level of 25-OH D3 was measured in the first h of the neonate s life. All neonates were followed to reach 36 weeks of gestational age or 28th day of life. Subsequently, the two groups were compared in terms of vitamin D levels. There was a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and respiratory morbidities in group A. Results: The mean vitamin D level was obtained at 27.42±11.25 ng/mL, and it was categorized into adequate level (n=53, 33.1%), inadequate level (n=62,38.8%), and vitamin D deficiency (n=45, 28.1%).According to the results, vitamin D level correlated significantly with birth weight and gestational age (P 0.05). Moreover, respiratory distress correlated with birth weight, gestational age, and the use of corticosteroids during pregnancy (P 0.001). The mean vitamin D level in group A (with respiratory distress syndrome [RDS]) was significantly lower than that in group B (without RDS, P 0.001).Furthermore, vitamin Dcorrelated with RDS, a need for intubation surfactant extubation, and duration of continuous positive airway pressure (P 0.05). Conclusion: Neonates with a low level of vitamin D are prone to manifest respiratory distress, and vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for presenting RDS.
