Title of article :
Cardiorespiratory effects of epidurally administered ketamine or lidocaine in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy surgery: a comparative study
Author/Authors :
Miranda-Cortés ، A. E. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Veterinary Anesthesia, Section of Pharmacology and Veterinary Therapeutics - Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlan - National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ruiz-García ، A. G. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Veterinary Anesthesia, Section of Pharmacology and Veterinary Therapeutics - Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlan - National Autonomous University of Mexico , Olivera-Ayub ، A. E. Department of Surgery - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - National Autonomous University of Mexico , Garza-Malacara ، G. Department of Canine Clinic - Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlan - National Autonomous University of Mexico , Ruiz-Cervantes ، J. G. Department of Biological Sciences, and Clinical Pharmacology and Veterinary Anesthesia - Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlan - National Autonomous University of Mexico , Toscano-Zapien ، J. A. Research Unit - Pediatric Hospital Century XXI - Mexican Social Security Institute , Hernández-Avalos ، I. Department of Biological Sciences, and Clinical Pharmacology and Veterinary Anesthesia - Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlan - National Autonomous University of Mexico
Abstract :
Background: Analgesic and hemodynamic effects of ketamine in subanesthetic doses during surgical anesthesia and postoperative, are due to the action on the NmethylDaspartate receptors (NMDAR). Aims: To evaluate the intraoperative cardiorespiratory effects provided by ketamine compared to lidocaine, both administered epidurally, in bitches submitted to ovariohysterectomy. Methods: Thirtysix dogs of different breeds were used in a randomized, prospective, and blinded clinical trial. Two groups were formed: GKET (ketamine 3 mg/kg, n=18) and GLIDO (lidocaine 4 mg/kg, n=18). Animals were premedicated with acepromazine 0.05 mg/kg intravenous. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 5 mg/kg intravenous. Anesthetic maintenance was performed with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Every 5 min during surgery, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), esophageal temperature (°C), oxygen saturation (SPO2), end tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were monitored. Results: Cardiorespiratory variables during anesthesia were within normal ranges. Heart rate was significantly higher at 5 (108 ± 12 vs 95 ± 11) and 10 (110 ± 11 vs 97 ± 11) min in GKET compared to GLIDO after the start of surgery (P=0.03 and P=0.01, respectively). Mean arterial pressure was higher in GKET, (100 ± 23, 105 ± 35, and 103 ± 35 mmHg) in comparison with GLIDO (66 ± 7, 74 ± 10, and 67 ± 9 mmHg) at 20, 25 and 30 min (P=0.01, P=0.004, and P=0.002, respectively). Mild hypothermia at 25 (36.5 ± 1.3°C) and 30 (36.5 ± 1.4°C) min in the GKET was recorded. Conclusion: Epidural administration of ketamine provides better hemodynamic stability, compared to the use of epidural lidocaine.
Keywords :
Analgesia , Dog , Epidural , Ketamine , Lidocaine
Journal title :
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research (IJVR)
Journal title :
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research (IJVR)
